Setting up Zend Framework — Part 1

01 Apr 2011

Zend Framework has a straightforward setup process providing that the developer sets everything up manually. This guide illustrates how to set up a modular installation of Zend Framework.

Extending the art and spirit of PHP, Zend Framework is based on simplicity, object-oriented best practices, corporate friendly licensing, and a rigorously tested agile codebase.

Requirements

Zend Server – Complete LAMP stack
or Apache 2.2 and PHP 5.3.x
Zend Framework 1.11.x

Project Creation

We will create the project manually since the default settings for Zend Framework do not conform with the module-based structure we desire.

File Structure

myapp/
myapp/application/
myapp/application/configs/
myapp/application/layouts/
myapp/application/layouts/scripts/
myapp/application/modules/
myapp/application/modules/default/
myapp/application/modules/default/controllers/
myapp/application/modules/default/views/scripts/index/
myapp/application/modules/default/views/scripts/error/
myapp/library/
myapp/library/Myapp/
myapp/library/Myapp/Application/Resource
myapp/public/
myapp/public/lib/
myapp/public/lib/css/
myapp/public/lib/js/
myapp/public/lib/img/

Creating necessary files

myapp/public/.htaccess

RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -s [OR]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -l [OR]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -d
RewriteRule ^.*$ - [NC,L]
RewriteRule ^.*$ index.php [NC,L]

myapp/public/index.php

<?php
// Define path to application directory
defined('APPLICATION_PATH')
    || define('APPLICATION_PATH',
              realpath(dirname(__FILE__) . '/../application'));

// Define application environment
defined('APPLICATION_ENV')
    || define('APPLICATION_ENV',
              (getenv('APPLICATION_ENV') ? getenv('APPLICATION_ENV')
                                         : 'production'));

// Typically, you will also want to add your library/ directory
// to the include_path, particularly if it contains your ZF installed
set_include_path(implode(PATH_SEPARATOR, array(
    dirname(dirname(__FILE__)) . '/library',
    get_include_path(),
)));

/** Zend_Application */
require_once 'Zend/Application.php';

// Create application, bootstrap, and run
$application = new Zend_Application(
    APPLICATION_ENV,
    APPLICATION_PATH . '/configs/application.xml'
);
$application->bootstrap()
            ->run();
?>

myapp/application/Bootstrap.php

<?php
class Bootstrap extends Zend_Application_Bootstrap_Bootstrap
{
}
?>

myapp/application/configs/application.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<config xmlns:zf="http://framework.zend.com/xml/zend-config-xml/1.0/">
    <global>
        <appnamespace>Application</appnamespace>

        <autoloaderNamespaces>
            <myapp>Myapp</myapp>
        </autoloaderNamespaces>

        <bootstrap>
            <path><zf:const zf:name="APPLICATION_PATH" />/Bootstrap.php</path>
            <class>Bootstrap</class>
        </bootstrap>

        <includePaths>
            <library><zf:const zf:name="APPLICATION_PATH" />/../library</library>
        </includePaths>

        <phpSettings>
            <date>
                <timezone>America/New_York</timezone>
            </date>
        </phpSettings>

        <pluginPaths>
            <Myapp_Application_Resource>Myapp/Application/Resource</Myapp_Application_Resource>
        </pluginPaths>

        <resources>
            <frontController>
                <defaultAction>index</defaultAction>
                <defaultControllerName>index</defaultControllerName>
                <defaultModule>default</defaultModule>
                <controllerDirectory><zf:const zf:name="APPLICATION_PATH" />/controllers</controllerDirectory>
                <moduleDirectory><zf:const zf:name="APPLICATION_PATH" />/modules</moduleDirectory>
            </frontController>

            <layout>
                <layoutPath><zf:const zf:name="APPLICATION_PATH" />/layouts/scripts/</layoutPath>
            </layout>

            <locale>
                <default>en</default>
            </locale>
        </resources>
    </global>

    <production zf:extends="global">
        <phpSettings>
            <display_startup_errors>0</display_startup_errors>
            <display_errors>0</display_errors>
        </phpSettings>

        <resources>
            <modules>
                <placeholder />
            </modules>

            <view>
                <basePath><zf:const zf:name="APPLICATION_PATH" />/views</basePath>
                <helperPath>
                    <Myapp_View_Helper>Myapp/View/Helper</Myapp_View_Helper>
                </helperPath>
            </view>
        </resources>
    </production>

    <staging zf:extends="production">
        <phpSettings>
            <display_startup_errors>1</display_startup_errors>
            <display_errors>1</display_errors>
        </phpSettings>
    </staging>

    <development zf:extends="production">
        <phpSettings>
            <display_startup_errors>1</display_startup_errors>
            <display_errors>1</display_errors>
        </phpSettings>

        <resources>
            <frontController>
                <disableOutputBuffering>1</disableOutputBuffering>
                <params>
                    <displayExceptions>1</displayExceptions>
                </params>
            </frontController>
        </resources>
    </development>
</config>

myapp/application/modules/default/controllers/IndexController.php

<?php
require_once 'Zend/Controller/Action.php';
class IndexController extends Zend_Controller_Action
{
    public function indexAction ()
    {
    }

    public function sitemapAction ()
    {
        $this->view->layout()->disableLayout();
        $this->_helper->viewRenderer->setNoRender();
        $sitemap = $this->view->navigation()->sitemap()
            ->setUseXmlDeclaration(true)
            ->setFormatOutput(true)
            ->setUseSitemapValidators(true)
            ->setRole();
        $this->getResponse()->setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/xml')->setBody($sitemap);
    }

    public function robotsAction ()
    {
        $this->view->layout()->disableLayout();
        $this->getResponse()->setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/plain');
    }
}
?>

myapp/application/modules/default/controllers/ErrorController.php

<?php
require_once 'Zend/Controller/Action.php';
class ErrorController extends Zend_Controller_Action
{
    public function errorAction()
    {
        $errors = $this->_getParam('error_handler');

        switch ($errors->type) {
            case Zend_Controller_Plugin_ErrorHandler::EXCEPTION_NO_ROUTE:
            case Zend_Controller_Plugin_ErrorHandler::EXCEPTION_NO_CONTROLLER:
            case Zend_Controller_Plugin_ErrorHandler::EXCEPTION_NO_ACTION:
                $this->getResponse()->setHttpResponseCode(404);
                $this->view->headTitle('Page Not Found');
                $this->view->requestUri = $this->getRequest()->getPathInfo();
                $view = 'notfound';
                break;
            default:
                $this->getResponse()->setHttpResponseCode(500);
                $this->view->headTitle('Application Error');
                $view = 'error';
                break;
        }

        $log = $this->getLog();
        if ($log) {
            $log->crit($this->view->message, $errors->exception);
        }

        // conditionally display exceptions
        if ($this->getInvokeArg('displayExceptions') == true) {
            $this->view->exception = $errors->exception;
        }

        $this->view->request = $errors->request;

        $this->render($view);
    }

    public function getLog()
    {
        $bootstrap = $this->getInvokeArg('bootstrap');
        if (!$bootstrap->hasPluginResource('Log')) {
            return false;
        }
        $log = $bootstrap->getResource('Log');
        return $log;
    }
}
?>

myapp/library/Myapp/Application/Resource/View.php

<?php
require_once ('Zend/Application/Resource/ResourceAbstract.php');
class Myapp_Application_Resource_View extends Zend_Application_Resource_ResourceAbstract
{
    protected static $_view;

    public function init ()
    {
        return $this->getView();
    }

    public function getView ()
    {
        if (null === self::$_view) {
            self::$_view = new Zend_View($this->getOptions());
            $layout = Zend_Layout::getMvcInstance();
            self::$_view->doctype('HTML5');
            self::$_view->setEncoding('UTF-8');
            self::$_view->addHelperPath('Myapp/View/Helper');
            self::$_view->headTitle('Myapp')
                ->setSeparator(' - ');
            self::$_view->headMeta()
                ->appendHttpEquiv('Content-Type', sprintf('text/html; charset=%s', self::$_view->getEncoding()));
            $viewRenderer = Zend_Controller_Action_HelperBroker::getStaticHelper('ViewRenderer');
            $viewRenderer->setView(self::$_view);
        }
        return self::$_view;
    }
}
?>

myapp/application/layouts/scripts/layout.phtml

<?php echo $this->doctype() . PHP_EOL; ?>
<html>

<head>
<?php echo $this->headTitle() . PHP_EOL; ?>
<?php echo $this->headMeta() . PHP_EOL; ?>
<?php echo $this->headStyle() . PHP_EOL; ?>
<?php echo $this->headLink() . PHP_EOL; ?>
<?php echo $this->headScript() . PHP_EOL; ?>
</head>

<body>
<?php echo $this->layout()->content . PHP_EOL; ?>
</body>
</html>

myapp/application/modules/default/views/scripts/index/index.phtml

<h1>Index page</h1>

myapp/application/modules/default/views/scripts/error/error.phtml

<h1>Application Error</h1>

<?php if (isset($this->exception)): ?>
<h3>Exception information:</h3>
<p><strong>Message:</strong> <?php echo $this->exception->getMessage() ?></p>

<h3>Stack trace:</h3>
<pre class="code"><?php echo $this->exception->getTraceAsString() ?></pre>

<h3>Request Parameters:</h3>
<pre class="code"><?php echo var_export($this->request->getParams(), true) ?></pre>
<?php endif ?>

myapp/application/modules/default/views/scripts/error/notfound.phtml

<h1>Page not found</h1>

<?php if (isset($this->exception)): ?>

<h3>Exception information:</h3>
<p><strong>Message:</strong> <?php echo $this->exception->getMessage() ?></p>

<h3>Stack trace:</h3>
<pre class="code"><?php echo $this->exception->getTraceAsString() ?></pre>

<h3>Request Parameters:</h3>
<pre class="code"><?php echo var_export($this->request->getParams(), true) ?></pre>

<?php else: ?>

<p>The page <strong><?php echo $this->requestUri; ?></strong> could not be found.</p>

<p>There are a few things you can try:</p>
<ul>
    <li>Reload the page</li>
    <li>Check the URL and try again</li>
    <li>Go to the <a href="<?php echo $this->baseUrl('/'); ?>">home</a> page</li>
</ul>

<?php endif ?>

Torgny Bjers Code Berserker

Setting up Zend Framework — Part 1

Requirements

Project Creation

File Structure

Creating necessary files

Further Reading

Torgny Bjers Code Berserker

Setting up Zend Framework — Part 1

Requirements

Project Creation

File Structure

Creating necessary files

Further Reading

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